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Colonel John Jones (c. 1597 – 17 October 1660) was a Welsh military leader, politician and one of the regicides of King Charles I. A brother-in-law of Oliver Cromwell, Jones was born at Llanbedr in North Wales and is often surnamed Jones Maesygarnedd after the location of his Merionethshire estate. Jones spoke Welsh with his family. He was an avid Republican at a time when most of Wales was Royalist, and for this reason he was described by one of his contemporaries as "the most hated man in North Wales". ==Biography== Jones was the son of Thomas ab John or Jones and Ellen, daughter of Robert Wynn ap Jevan. esq., of Taltreuddyn,〔 cites Williams ''Eminent Welshmen'', 1852. p. 257.〕 was born at Maes-y-Garnedd (or Maesygarnedd) in Merionethshire.〔 cites Pennant, ''Journey to Snowdon'', ed. Rhys. ii. 265.〕 During the civil war Jones served in the parliamentary forces in Wales, and was described as a colonel in 1646, while negotiating the surrender of Anglesey in June 1646. In 1648 he helped to suppress Sir John Owen's rising, was thanked by the House of Commons for his share in the reconquest of Anglesey, and was voted £2,000 on account of his arrears of pay.〔 cites 4 October 1648; ''Commons' Journals'', vi. 43.〕 He was returned to the Long Parliament in about 1647 for Merionethshire. Jones was selected as one of the judges of King Charles I, and attended the trial with great regularity up to the day he signed the King's death-warrant.〔 cites Noble, ''Lives of the Regicides'', i. 372.〕 After execution of the King, Jones was elected a member of the first two Councils of State of the Commonwealth〔 cites (''Return of the Names of the Members of Parliament'', i. 499); Godwin ''Commomwealth of England'', iii. 15, 178.〕 In July 1650 Jones was voted one of the commissioners to assist the lord deputy in the government of Ireland, and was reappointed for two years longer on 24 August 1652.〔 cites ''Commons' Journals'', vi. 434, vii. 167.〕 His colleague Edmund Ludlow describes him as "discharging his trust with great diligence, ability, and integrity, in providing for the happiness of that country, and bringing to justice those who had been concerned in the murders of English Protestants".〔 cites Edmund Ludlow ''Memoirs'', ed. 1751, p. 370.〕 Jones was a strong republican and was greatly dissatisfied at Cromwell's assumption of the Protectorate. Henry Cromwell describes him as "endeavouring to render the government unacceptable", but "more cunning and close" in his opposition than Ludlow.〔 cites .〕 He was accordingly set aside, and when in March 1656, there was a rumour that Jones was to be again employed in the Irish government, Henry Cromwell remonstrated with Thurloe against the choice, asserting that he was not only factious and disaffected, but "had acted very corruptly in his place".〔 cites .〕 But by this time a marriage had been arranged between Jones and the Protector's sister Catherine, widow of Roger Whitslone. "When I writ to you about Colonel Jones", explained Henry Cromwell. "I did not know that he was likely to be my uncle. Perhaps that may serve to oblige him to faithfulness to his highness and government".〔 cites 〕 In the First Protectorate Parliament (1656) he was returned for the counties of Merioneth and Denbighshire and chose to sit for Merioneth. In the ''Second Narrative of the late Parliament'' Jones is described as originally "one of good principles for common justice and freedom ... lately married the Protector's sister, by which means he might have become a great man indeed, did not something stick which he cannot well get down. He is not thorough-paced for the court proceedings, nor is his conscience fully hardened against the good old cause".〔 cites ''Harleian Miscellany'', ed. Park, iii. 485.〕 Jones was summoned to the Protector's Other House (December 1657), but held no office except that of governor of the Isle of Anglesey. On 2 June 1657 Parliament voted Jones Irish lands to the value of £3,000, for arrears of pay amounting to that sum.〔 cites ''Commons' Journals'', vii. 492, 543.〕 But he was still so far trusted by the republican party that on 7 May 1659 he was appointed one of the Committee of Safety, and on 14 May one of the Council of State.〔 cites ''Commons' Journals'', vii. 646, 654.〕 An act was passed making Jones and others commissioners for the government of Ireland, 7 July. Jones landed in Ireland with Ludlow in July 1659, and when the latter returned to England in October following, he selected Jones to command the Irish forces during his absence.〔 cites ''Commons' Journals'', vii. 707; Ludlow ''Memoirs'', p. 268.〕 To Ludlow's disgust Jones and most of the Irish officers supported John Lambert and the army in their quarrel with the parliament. When Ludlow expostulated Jones made the excuse that he acted at the "incessant importunity of others", and begged Ludlow to return and ease him of the burden of his command 〔 cites Ludlow ''Memoirs'', pp. 279, 282.〕 On 13 December 1659, however, Colonels John Bridges, Theophilus Jones, and other officers of George Monck's party seized Dublin Castle and arrested Jones.〔 cites Ludlow ''Memoirs'', p. 299.〕 An impeachment of high treason against Jones and his colleagues (Ludlow, Corbet, and Thomlinson) was presented to Parliament on 19 January 1660.〔 cites ''Commons' Journals'', vii. 815.〕 The main charge was that he had "openly and publicly owned that treacherous and traitorous act of part of the army in England in their unjust force put upon the parliament". Jones was summoned before the council of state, but released on an engagement not to disturb the existing government.〔 cites Ludlow ''Memoirs'', p. 331.〕 As a political active senior member of the republican party, who had married into Protectors' family and an opponent of Monck's party, the Restoration of the monarchy under Charles II exposed Jones to certain ruin, but he seems to have been unaware of the danger he was in, and made no attempt to flee. He was arrested on 2 June 1660, as he was quietly walking in Finsbury, and was committed to the Tower of London.〔 cites Ludlow ''Memoirs'', p. 346; ''Mercurius Publicus'', 31 May–7 June 1660.〕 On 4 June the House of Commons excepted him from the Act of Indemnity, and he was tried on 12 October the same year. Jones confessed that he had sat among the king's judges, made no attempt to plead any point of law, and was sentenced to death.〔 cites ''Trial of the Regicides'', 1660, pp. 95–100.〕 He was executed, together with Adrian Scroop, on 17 October 1660, and died with great courage and dignity.〔A full account of his behaviour and last utterances, with a sketch of his life, is given in ''A Complete Collection of the Lives, Speeches, Private Passages, Letters, and Prayers of those Persons lately executed, with Observations by a Person of Quality'', 8vo, 1661, pp. 135–46. 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Jones Maesygarnedd」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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